Delhi, full-day hands-on sessions
Gynaecologists travel in from across the country for a day at the microscope. Half of infertility involves a male factor (WHO), and almost none of them were shown how to read it.
It starts with a semen sample and a microscope, not a presentation. Loading the counting chamber. Watching the dilution go wrong and then right. Making a smear thin enough to read, staining it, and applying strict criteria to something that is genuinely hard to judge.
Then the parameters nobody orders. Vitality, which separates an immotile live sperm from a dead one and changes the prognosis completely. Sperm DNA fragmentation, which can be high behind a report that looks entirely normal.
Most people leave saying some version of the same thing: they had been signing off on these reports for years without knowing what stood behind the numbers.